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 The Recorded Tale of the 'Bigeo (飛車)', 300 Years Before the Wright Brothers** A flying cart during the Imjin War—Was it mere legend, or an early form of flight? This article explores the documented accounts of Joseon Korea’s mysterious “Bigeo” and its place in the history of aviation. Introduction In 1903, the Flyer aircraft designed by the Wright brothers marked the beginning of modern aviation. But centuries earlier, during Korea’s Imjin War (1592–1598), historical records suggest that a man named Jeong Pyeong-gu built and operated a flying machine called the Bigeo (飛車) —translated as "flying vehicle" or "aerial cart." Is this just a legend from a bygone era? Or could the Bigeo represent an early and largely forgotten chapter in the global story of flight? This article examines the historical texts referencing the Bigeo, compares it to other ancient flying concepts, and explores the broader scientific culture of Joseon-era Korea. What Was the Bige...

  Pansori – The Unique Voice of Korea, Carried by a Nation’s Soul There exists a voice in this world that goes beyond melody, beyond mere speech — a voice that cries, pleads, teaches, and heals all at once. This voice is Pansori , the singular vocal art form of the Korean people. Pansori is not just music. It is lamentation and prayer, agony and hope. A lone singer, accompanied only by a single drummer, stands on a bare stage and delivers entire epics through voice and gesture. In each note lies the joy and sorrow of life, and the voice touches a place deep in the listener’s heart. At the core of this sound is the Korean sentiment known as "Han" — a deep, layered emotion shaped by injustice, endurance, longing, and an unyielding will to survive. Yet Pansori is not confined to sorrow. Within its rhythms live laughter, satire, and vibrant life — a harmonious balance of "Han" and "Heung" (joyful spirit) . Through this duality, Pansori offers a profound ex...

The History and Future of K-POP The Evolution of Korean Popular Music and Its Global Appeal Introduction – Why Has K-POP Become a Global Cultural Phenomenon? K-POP is more than just a genre of Korean popular music. It represents a highly systematized content industry, a unique form of performance art, an ecosystem of interactive fandom, and a fusion of cutting-edge technology and deep emotional resonance. Today, K-POP extends far beyond music—it plays a role in cultural diplomacy, youth identity, technological innovation, and the development of global fan communities. This article examines the history of K-POP through cultural, industrial, and strategic perspectives, explores why global audiences are drawn to it, and considers its future direction. 1. The History of K-POP – Three Decades of Evolution and Expansion 1.1 Before 1992: Passive Consumption of Western and Japanese Pop Culture During the 1970s and 1980s, Korean popular music was largely dominated by trot, folk, and ball...